Choleoeimeria

Genus of single-celled organisms

Choleoeimeria
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Sar
(unranked):	Alveolata
Phylum:	Apicomplexa
Class:	Conoidasida
Order:	Eucoccidiorida
Family:	Eimeriidae
Genus:	Choleoeimeria Paperna and Landsberg 1989
Species
Choleoeimeria ahtanumensis Choleoeimeria allogamae Choleoeimeria allogehyrae Choleoeimeria amphisbaenae Choleoeimeria auratae Choleoeimeria baltrocki Choleoeimeria bitis Choleoeimeria bohemii Choleoeimeria boulii Choleoeimeria brookesiae Choleoeimeria calotesi Choleoeimeria carinii Choleoeimeria cascabeli Choleoeimeria chalcides Choleoeimeria egerniae Choleoeimeria fasciatus Choleoeimeria flaviviridis Choleoeimeria glawi Choleoeimeria hemprichii Choleoeimeria heteronotis Choleoeimeria hirbayah Choleoeimeria largeni Choleoeimeria lygosomis Choleoeimeria noctisauris Choleoeimeria pachydactyli Choleoeimeria pellopleuris Choleoeimeria persica Choleoeimeria riyadhae Choleoeimeria rochalimai Choleoeimeria scincellae Choleoeimeria scinci Choleoeimeria sylvatica Choleoeimeria sadlieri Choleoeimeria tilburyi Choleoeimeria turcicus Choleoeimeria saqanqouri Choleoeimeria sylvatica Choleoeimeria umis Choleoeimeria urosauris Choleoeimeria xiangmaii

Choleoeimeria is a genus of alveolate parasites that infect the biliary tracts of reptiles. Morphologically they are similar to the Eimeria, to whom they are closely related. The genus was described in 1989 by Paperna and Landsberg.

General features

The endogenous development of the parasite occurs in the cells of the bile epithelium.

The infected host cell becomes hypertrophic and emerges above the epithelial surface. This hypertrophy coincides with a drastic depletion of the microvilli. The junction zone along with the underlying cell extends into numerous long and fine membranal out-folds.

Meront: These undergo binary fission.

Microgamont: The differentiating microgamont develops an expanded multilobed body.

Macrogamont: The organelles include type 1 and type 2 wall forming bodies, canaliculi and granular bodies.

Oocyte: The oocyst wall forms from 4 wall-membranes consolidating over the zygote plasmalemma. The oocysts possess four sporocysts each containing two sporozoites.

These species possess bivalved sporocysts and lack a Stieda body.

Host-parasite relations

Choleoeimeria allogamae - Agama species
Choleoeimeria allogehyrae - Top-end dtella (Gehyra australis)
Choleoeimeria amphisbaenae - red worm lizard (Amphisbaena alba)^[1]
Choleoeimeria baltrocki - gold skink (Eumeces schneiderii)
Choleoeimeria boulii - variegated dtella (Gehyra variegata)
Choleoeimeria calotesi - blue crested lizard (Calotes mystaceus)
Choleoeimeria carinii - teiid lizard (Ameiva ameiva)^[2]
Choleoeimeria heteronotis - Binoe's prickly gecko (Heteronotia binoei)
Choleoeimeria hirbayah - veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)^[3]
Choleoeimeria lygosomis - Lygosoma buringi
Choleoeimeria pachydactyli - Cape thick-toed gecko (Pachydactylus capensis)
Choleoeimeria riyadhae - sandfish (Scincus scincus)
Choleoeimeria rochalimai - tropical house gecko (Hemidactylus mabouia)^[4]
Choleoeimeria sadlieri - marble-throated skink (Marmorosphax tricolor)^[5]
Choleoeimeria sylvatica - blue throated rainbow skink (Carlia rhomboidalis)
Choleoeimeria xiangmaii - common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

References

^ Lainson R (2003) Some coccidial parasites of the lizard Amphisbaena alba (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 98(7)927-936
^ Lainson R, Paperna I (1999) Some coccidia from the gall-bladder and intestine of the teiid lizard Ameiva ameiva ameiva and the gecko Hemidactylus mabouia in north Brazil. Parasite 6(2):151-162
^ Sloboda M, Modrý D (2006) New species of Choleoeimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the veiled chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae), with taxonomic revision of eimerian coccidia from chameleons. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 53(2):91-97
^ Paperna I, Lainson R (2000) Ultrastructural study of meronts and gamonts of Choleoeimeria rochalimai (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) developing in the gall bladder of the gecko Hemidactylus mabouia from Brazil. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 47(2):91-96
^ Modrý D, Jirků M (2006) Three new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) from the Marble-throated skink, Marmorosphax tricolor Bavay, 1869 (Reptilia: Scincidae), endemic to New Caledonia with a taxonomic revision of Eimeria spp. from scincid hosts. Parasitol. Res. 99(4):419-428

Eukaryota: SAR: Alveolata

Domain

Archaea

Bacteria

Eukaryota

(major groups

Excavata

Diaphoretickes

Hacrobia

Cryptista

Rhizaria

Alveolata

Stramenopiles

Plants

Amorphea

Amoebozoa

Opisthokonta

Animals

Fungi)

Acavomonidia

Acavomonadea	Acavomonadida (Acavomonas)

Ciliophora

Intramacronucleata	Armophorea (Metopus) Cariacotrichea (Cariacothrix caudata) Colpodea (Colpoda) Litostomatea (Balantidium, Dileptus) Muranotrichea (Muranothrix) Nassophorea (Nassula) Oligohymenophorea (Ichthyophthirius, Paramecium, Tetrahymena, Vorticella) Parablepharismea (Parablepharisma) Phyllopharyngea (Chilodonella, Tokophrya) Plagiopylea (Plagiopyla) Prostomatea (Coleps, Holophrya) Protocruziea (Protocruzia) Spirotrichea (Euplotes, Stylonychia)
Postciliodesmatophora	Heterotrichea (Stentor, Climacostomum, Blepharisma) Karyorelictea (Loxodes, Tracheloraphis)
Mesodiniea (Mesodinium, Myrionecta)

Colponemidia

Colponemadea	Colponemadida (Colponema)

Myzozoa

Apicomplexa

Aconoidasida

Haemospororida	Garniidae (Garnia) Haemoproteidae (Haemoproteus) Leucocytozoidae (Leucocytozoon) Plasmodiidae (Plasmodium)
Piroplasmida	Babesiidae (Babesia) Theileriidae (Theileria)
Cardiosporidium Nephromyces

Conoidasida

Coccidia

Agamococcidiorida

Gemmocystidae (Gemmocystis)
Rhytidocystidae (Rhytidocystis)

Eucoccidiorida

Adeleorina

Adeleidae
Dactylosomatidae (Babesiosoma, Dactylosoma)
Haemogregarinidae (Haemogregarina)
Hepatozoidae (Hepatozoon)
Karyolysidae (Karyolysus)
Klossiellidae (Klossiella)
Legerellidae (Legerella)

Eimeriorina

Aggregatidae (Aggregata, Grasseella, Merocystis, Ovivora, Pseudoklossia, Selysina) Atoxoplasmatidae Barrouxiidae Calyptosporiidae Caryotrophidae Cryptosporidiidae (Cryptosporidium) Eimeriidae (Cyclospora, Eimeria, Isospora) Elleipsisomatidae Lankesterellidae Selenococcidiidae
Sarcocystidae	Sarcocystinae (Frenkelia, Sarcocystis) Toxoplasmatinae (Besnoitia, Hammondia, Hyaloklossia, Nephroisospora, Neospora, Toxoplasma)

Ixorheorida

Ixorheidae (Ixorheis)

Protococcidiorida

Angeiocystidae (Angeiocystis)
Eleutheroschizonidae (Coelotropha, Defretinella, Eleutheroschizon)
Grelliidae (Coelotropha, Grellia)
Mackinnoniidae (Mackinnonia)
Myriosporidae (Myriosporides, Myriospora)

Gregarinasina

Archigregarinorida

Exoschizonidae (Exoschizon)
Selenidioididae (Merogregarina, Meroselenidium, Selenidioides, Veloxidium)

Eugregarinorida

Aseptatorina	Aikinetocystidae Allantocystidae Diplocystidae Enterocystidae Ganymedidae Lecudinidae Monocystidae (Monocystinae, Oligochaetocystinae, Rhynchocystinae, Stomatophorinae, Zygocystinae) Schaudinnellidae Selenidiidae Thiriotiidae Urosporidae
Blastogregarinorina	Siedleckiidae (Siedleckia)
Septatorina	Fusionicae (Fusionidae) Gregarinicae (Cephaloidophoridae, Cephalolobidae, Didymophoridae, Gregarinidae, Hirmocystidae, Metameridae, Uradiophoridae) Porosporicae (Porosporidae) Stenophoricae (Acutidae, Amphiplatysporidae, Brustiophoridae, Cnemidosporidae, Dactylophoridae, Leidyanidae, Monoductidae, Monoicidae, Sphaerocystidae, Stenophoridae, Trichorhynchidae) Stylocephaloidea (Actinocephalidae, Stylocephalidae) Blabericolidae

Neogregarinorida

Schizogregarinina (Caulleryellidae, Ophryocystidae)
Gigaductidae (Gigaductus)
Lipotrophidae (Apicystis, Farinocystis, Lipotropha, Lipocystis, Mattesia, Menzbieria)
Schizocystidae (Lymphotropha, Machadoella, Schizocystis)
Syncystidae (Syncystis)

Apicomonadea

Chromerida	Chromeraceae (Chromera velia) Vitrellaceae (Vitrella brassicaformis)
Colpodellida	Colpodellidae (Colpodella)
Voromonadida	Alphamonadidae (Alphamonas) Voromonadidae (Voromonas)

Dinoflagellata

Dinokaryota	With a theca: Dinophysiales (Dinophysis, Histioneis, Ornithocercus, Oxyphysis) Gonyaulacales (Ceratium, Gonyaulax) Peridiniales (Pfiesteria, Peridinium) Prorocentrales (Prorocentrum) Without theca: Gymnodiniales (Amphidinium, Gymnodinium, Karenia, Karlodinium) Suessiales (Polarella, Symbiodinium)
Noctilucea	Noctilucales (Noctiluca)
Syndinea	Syndiniales: Amoebophryaceae (Amoebophyra) Duboscquellaceae (Duboscquella) Syndiniaceae (Hematodinium, Syndinium)
Other	Acrocoelidae (Acrocoelus) Ichthyodinium Oxyrrhinaceae (Oxyrrhis) Pronoctilucidae (Pronoctiluca) Psammosidae (Psammosa)